An Assessment of the Operation and Emission Characteristics of a Diesel Engine Powered by a New Biofuel Prepared Using In Situ Transesterification of a Dry Spirogyra Algae–Jatropha Powder Mixture

The present work deals with the optimization of process parameters in situ transesterification dry spirogyra Algae–Jatropha powder along engine efficiency and combustion analysis prepared biofuel. Three operational parameters, namely catalyst concentration (0–5 wt.%), methanol to algae–Jatropha curcas (v/v) (20–60%), reaction time (60–180 min) at a constant temperature 50 °C, were selected. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used design experiments. maximum biodiesel yield 88.5% obtained under optimized conditions 3.396% (w/w), methanol/oil ratio 19.86, 180 min. At varying loads, performance emissions diesel linked power source fueled various mixes (Diesel, B5, B10, B20) tested. It found that BSFC decreased as applied load increased for all evaluated fuels. All blends had greater than fuel. However, substantial decrease emissions, including hydrocarbon (HC) carbon monoxide (CO), observed increase NOx emissions. This method preparing will be beneficial order cater needs transportation sector because it has lower energy consumption less